I think you meant rooter sounds ruder

Regarding valence, both pronunciations I’ve heard and used put emphasis on the first syllable, it’s just whether the first vowel is long or short.

It’s one of those things that just doesn’t come up often enough to actually address it and nobody has ever misunderstood or challenged me whenever I’ve said it differently in conversation, during a presentation or afterwards, or in lecture. It sticks out as an example for me because any other words I was uncertain about definitely get challenged (e.g., route and router)

Sounds like instances where they become more familiar with the written forms first and then hear only one of the forms later that became reinforced somehow. Estimate is a common word, so I’m guessing the mispronunciation must be coming out of a unique environment.

For myself, yhere are definitely words in which the correct pronunciation still escapes me, such as valence. To this day, I might pronounce differently depending on my mood with no certainty on how it’s supposed to be said (either rhyming with cadence or balance).

I’ve only ever heard Japanese, Chinese, etc. described as tonal languages, not pitch accents.

You’re wondering about languages in the Indo-European language group making distinctions between homonyms/homophones by tone. Tone has a different function in those languages, such as expressing inquiry.

In English, syllable emphasis can be used to distinguish between homonyms (verb presENT vs noun PRESent) and would-be homophones (desSERT vs DEsert)

According to everyone here, the sandwich you’re supposed to make is:

Peanut butter, butter, honey, banana, pickles (cucumbers if you’re impatient), cayenne pepper, and lastly, if you’re a Vincent, jam or preserves.

Toasting optional

You’re just pushing a gateway drug to peanut butter and pickle sandwiches

1. Even if not learned through experience, it can also be learned through critical thinking. One could take a moment to ponder why someone is checking the eggs and could easily arrive at the conclusion they’re checking for broken ones.

2. Or they could open their mouth without thinking much and say something ignorant to a stranger in the grocery store

3. Or they can demonstrate the greater depths of their ignorance and make a post about it on a social media platform showing they had time to figure it out but couldn’t despite it being on their mind the entire time.

Sadly, much of our random interactions and popular public discourse are driven by #2 and #3